El río Amazonas, ese gigante de agua que por siglos ha sido la vida de Leticia (Colombia), se está yendo. Los pescadores ya no reconocen su cauce, los comerciantes ven cómo los barcos se encallan en bancos de arena, y los niños preguntan por qué el agua ya no llega hasta el malecón. Mientras tanto, en Bogotá, el presidente Gustavo Petro ha convertido esta crisis ambiental en una batalla política con Perú, reavivando una disputa territorial por la isla Santa Rosa de Loreto.
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Hace una década, el Amazonas pasaba frente a Leticia con la fuerza de un tren en movimiento. Hoy, su cauce principal se ha desplazado hacia Perú, dejando a la ciudad colombiana con un brazo de agua cada vez más estrecho y menos navegable. Estudios advierten que, para 2030, el río podría abandonar por completo este puerto, convirtiéndolo en una ciudad fantasma sin conexión fluvial.
El problema es que el 90% de los productos llegan a Leticia por el río. Sin él, ese pueblo enfrentaría escasez de alimentos, combustibles y medicinas. Cabe indicar que Colombia lleva años sin dragar los canales o construir espolones para redirigir el caudal.
Petro: Crisis ambiental y nacionalismo
Mientras Leticia se ahoga, el presidente Petro ha decidido que el enemigo no es la naturaleza, sino Perú. El detonante: en junio de 2025, el Congreso peruano convirtió la isla Santa Rosa —ubicada frente a Leticia— en un distrito oficial de Loreto.
«Peru ha copado un territorio que es de Colombia», escribió en X, asegurando que la isla está al norte del thalweg (línea del cauce más profundo), que marca la frontera para después trasladar las celebraciones del 7 de agosto (Día de la Independencia) a Leticia, flanqueado por ministros y militares.
“Colombia no reconoce la soberanía del Perú sobre la denominada isla de Santa Rosa y desconoce a las autoridades de facto impuestas en la zona”, aseguró.
SANTA ROSA ES TERRITORIO PERUANO
Desde Japón, la mandataria peruana Dina Boluarte se refirió a la reciente controversia fronteriza con Colombia respecto al distrito de Santa Rosa. Aclaró que no hay ningún conflicto con la nación vecina y que los acuerdos internacionales sustentan la soberanía del Perú sobre dichos territorios amazónicos.
“Los llamo a mantener la calma y la unidad. Felicito a las diversas instituciones y a los políticos en el Perú que se han manifestado de forma conjunta para defender nuestra soberanía. Nuestra isla Chinería, con su capital Santa Rosa de Loreto, es jurisdicción peruana y está bajo nuestra soberanía nacional. Por lo que no hay nada pendiente que tratar con nuestro hermano país del norte (Colombia). (…) No hay razón para alarmarnos, porque no existe ningún conflicto limítrofe con nuestros hermanos vecinos de la región”, expresó la presidenta en su mensaje.
Petro usa la crisis políticamente
Analistas peruanos y colombianos señalan que el presidente colombiano podría estar explotando el conflicto para: Desviar atención de sus problemas internos (reformas estancadas, baja popularidad) y reforzar su imagen como defensor de la patria, en un año preelectoral.
EL DATO
El Perú a convocado a la sesión de la Comisión Mixta permanente para la Inspección de la Frontera Peruano-Colombiana (Comperif) que se desarrollara en Lima el 11 y 12 de setiembre.
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